Another essential factor was the introduction of synchrotron radiation for X-ray data collection. Cloning solved the problem proteins could be expressed in large quantities and purified for crystallization. Therefore, obtaining a few milligrams of protein for crystallization required large cell volumes. Before the cloning era, proteins were purified directly from cells, which substantially limited availability − there is always a limited number of copies of a particular protein in a cell. One of them was that cloning techniques started to enter the lab, and the number of different proteins and their quantity available for crystallization increased drastically. There are, of course, several reasons for the structural revolution.
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